Vocabulary
— Subject - the doer of the action or state of being in a sentence or clause in a sentence.
— Verb - when used with the term subject, verb refers to the predicate in the sentence or clause in a sentence.
— Agreement - a term in grammar which refers to the consistency in gender, number, and person.
— Subject-verb agreement - the consistency in singular or plural (number) between the subject and predicate in a sentence or clause in a sentence: a singular noun must have a singular verb.
— Singular nouns - nouns (person, place, thing, or idea) indicating only one, generally not ending in the letter s: ship (singular); ships (plural - more than one).
— Plural nouns - nouns (person, place, thing, or idea) indicating more than one, generally ending in the letter s: (ship (singular); ships (plural - more than one). Irregular plural nouns: children, men, women, oxen, syllabi
— Singular verbs - action words or state of being conveying action or state of being of one subject, generally ends in the letter -s in the present tense: She goes, He rides
— Plural verbs - action words or state of being conveying action of state of being of more than one subject, generally not ending in the letter -s in the present tense: They ride, They explore
— Prepositional phrases - a word group beginning with a preposition (a word showing position) and an object: by the sea, in the house, under the tree. Occasionally, a prepositional phrase is between a subject and verb in a sentence or clause in the sentence.
— Relative pronoun phrase - a word group beginning with a relative pronoun (such as who, whom, which, whichever, whose, that) such as who is in the dining room or that will be taken
— Indefinite pronoun - a pronoun (a word that can take the place of a noun) which does not indicate whether it is singular or plural.
— Some are always singular such as each, either, neither, and words that end in -body (anybody, somebody).
— Some indefinite pronouns are always plural such as few, many, several, both.
— Either/or; Neither/nor - separately the words either and neither are always singular. When used with the words or or nor, the verb agrees with the part of the subject which is closest.
— Some indefinite pronouns are based on context: all, any, none, most, some. The number (singular or plural) depends upon what noun these words are referring to in the sentence.
— Verb tense - variations of verbs to indicate time of action: past, present, future, progressive, and perfect
— Incorrect shifts in tense - where the tense in one part of the sentence does not reflect the literal time of the action in relation to the other part of the sentence
— Correct shifts in tense - where the tense in one part of the sentence reflects the literal time of the action in relation to the other part of the sentence
— Verb form - Verb form refers to the variety of a verb can be expressed:
— base form of verb – the simplest form of a verb: see, run, think
— the -s form of the verb – third person present form – She reads
— present participle – the -ing form of a verb
— past form of the verb – the past tense
— the past participle – generally the same as the past tense – the -ed form of the verb\
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